Franklin Mint, Римская империя, император Аврелиан, древняя монета

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Ancient Roman Imperial Coin Collection

Aurelian (reigned AD 270¨C275)

Many historians rank Aurelian among the greatest Roman emperors. He is also widely acknowledged as one of Rome’s greatest military commanders.

During a reign of just five years, he reunited the fragmented empire. By recovering the rebellious territories of Gaul and Palmyra (Asia Minor), Emperor Aurelian earned the title “Restitutor Orbis” (“Restorer of the World”). For the Roman Empire was regarded as the world itself: although considerably weakened compared with a century earlier, he restored its strength and subdued its rebellious provinces.

Emperor Aurelian ceded Dacia, beyond the Danube, to the Goths, while commencing the construction of walls around Rome to protect the city against “barbarian” incursions. Rome had long been without defensive walls, but the threat of foreign invasion had become acute during the forty years preceding his reign. Completed in AD 280, the walls extended for more than 19 kilometres, with an average height exceeding 12 metres. Portions survive to this day.

Having brought stability to the empire, Emperor Aurelian undertook monetary reform. He restored the silver content of the antoninianus—a widely circulating coin that had suffered substantial debasement—to its original level of 5 per cent. He also sought to curb inflation. Had he not been assassinated while campaigning to recover Mesopotamia from Persian occupation, he might have made further progress in resolving the empire’s economic turmoil.
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