네덜란드 공화국 (네덜란드), 1740년. 기마 기사가 그려진 은화

The Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Dutch: Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), also known as the Dutch Republic, was a state that existed from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century in what is now the Netherlands and northern Belgium (Flanders). It was the precursor to the present-day Kingdom of the Netherlands.

The republic comprised seven northern Netherlandish provinces: Gelderland, Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Friesland, Overijssel, and Groningen. It also included Drenthe, which lacked full provincial status, and the frontier Generality Lands of Brabant, Limburg, and Flanders, among others, administered directly by the federal authorities. Holland contributed more than half of the republic’s expenditure and surpassed the other six provinces in population, wealth, and foreign relations. Consequently, its name became a common designation for the republic as a whole and, subsequently, for the present-day kingdom. The Japanese name *Oranda* likewise derives from the Portuguese name for Holland.
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